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Consider；　for　example；　the　individual　who　dives　off　a　high　
cliff　and　into　a　shallow　body　of　water；　simply　because　he　has　
been　〃dared〃　to　do　so　by　a　group　of　his　peers。　Although　the　
person　in　question　is　afraid　to　dive；　for　some　strange　reason　he　
is　even　more　afraid　of　what　the　others　might　say　to　him；　or　
even　think　about　him；　if　he　chose　not　to　dive。　Clearly；　the　
person's　fear　of　diving　is　perfectly　reasonable；　in　view　of　the　
fact　he　has　had　absolutely　no　training　as　a　diver。　Furthermore；　
as　a　result　of　his　lack　of　training；　when　he　does　contemplate　
what　might　happen　if　he　did　dive；　he　visualizes　himself　being　
very　seriously　injured。　Obviously；　for　an　individual　such　as　
this　to　go　ahead　and　dive；　would　be　extremely　foolishto　say　


the　leastand　the　person's　actions　would　have　to　be　considered　
irresponsible　by　anyone's　standards。　

On　the　other　hand；　however；　if　this　same　person　trained　
to　bee　a　professional　diver　and　if　he　were　skilled　at　taking　
all　of　the　various　factors　into　consideration　（i。e。　if　he　were　able　
to　visualize　himself　successfully　going　through　all　of　the　
necessary　motions　such　as　swimming　to　shore；　stepping　back　
on　land　unharmed；　etc。）；　then　it　would　be　a　totally　different　
situation。　For　although　the　person　would　still　be　taking　a　
definite　risk；　no　one　could　accuse　him　of　acting　in　an　
irresponsible　manner。　

Consider　for　a　moment；　the　〃stunt　people〃　who　work　in　
the　movie　industry。　These　individuals　are　constantly　
performing　dangerous　acts。　In　fact；　that　is　precisely　what　they　
get　paid　for。　But　do　not　be　deceived！　For　the　men　and　women　
who　perform　these　stunts　are　not　amateurs　by　any　means。　
They　are　all　petent　professionals；　highly　skilled　in　the　
performance　of　their　dangerous　trade。　They　always　check　and　
then　double　check　every　calculation；　before　they　make　even　
the　simplest　move。　As　a　result　of　these　precautions；　they　are　
very　rarely　ever　injured。　No；　there　cannot　be　any　question　
about　itstunt　people　are　〃RiskTakers〃　to　be　sure；　but　they　
are　very　rarely　irresponsible　individuals！　

Investments　

Now；　turn　your　attention　to　the　person　who　invests　his　or　
her　hardearned　savings　in　a　venture　about　which　he　or　she　
knows　practically　nothing。　Perhaps　someone；　possibly　a　
relative　whom　the　person　may　have　held　in　high　esteem；　
suggested　this　investment　was　a　great　idea　and　the　investors　
stood　to　earn　an　extraordinarily　high　rate　of　return　on　it。　
Assume；　moreover；　that　despite　the　person's　very　grave　
misgivings　about　going　into　the　venture　at　all；　he　is　also　being　
strongly　motivated　by　greed；　to　seek　the　highest　possible　rate　
of　return　which　can　be　earned　on　the　money　invested。　Finally；　
suppose　that　the　tremendous　fear　of　loss　notwithstanding；　the　


person　decides　to　go　ahead　and　makes　the　investment　anyway。　
What　happens　next？　

After　the　investment　has　been　made；　most　of　the　person's　
waking　hours　will　probably　be　spent：　

1。　worrying　about　the　investment；　and　
2。　visualizing　himself　reduced　to　a　
state　of　abject　poverty。　


It　is　abundantly　clear；　therefore；　that　this　sort　of　behavior　
must　be　deemed　the　polar　opposite　of　financial　responsibility　
and　the　person　involved　must　be　considered　imprudent　and　
irresponsible；　rather　than　a　〃bona　fide〃　risktaker。　The　usual　
oute　in　a　situation　such　as　this　is　predictable；　if　not　
pleasing。　The　individual　in　question　loses　the　money；　not　to　
mention　the　former　friendship　of　the　individual　who　originally　
suggested　the　investment。　（The　reason　is　that　foolish；　
irresponsible　people　seldom　blame　themselves　for　making　
such　errors。）　

On　the　other　hand　however；　if　that　person　listened　
carefully　to　the　suggestion　of　his　friend　or　relative　and　then　
studied　the　situation　for　himself；　he　could　have　formed　an　
opinion　which　was　based　on　sound　knowledge　rather　than　
hearsay；　and　which　was　motivated　by　genuine　interest　rather　
than　simple　greed。　At　that　point；　the　individual　could　have　
gone　ahead　and　invested　a　sum　of　money　which　would　not　
have　placed　his　total　financial　situation　in　jeopardy。　Then；　as　
he　gathered　more　information　based　on　actual　experience；　he　
could　have　gradually　increased　his　investment　if　such　action　
appeared　to　be　in　his　best　interest。　

Clearly；　if　our　hypothetical　individual　followed　this　
second　course　of　action；　he　would　still　certainly　be　taking　a　
risk。　However；　one　could　not　justifiably　say　he　was　behaving　in　
the　manner　of　a　fool　or　an　irresponsible　person。　Moreover；　
even　in　the　eventuality　that　this　person　made　a　bad　
〃judgement　call；〃　and　lost　his　money；　that　would　have　been　all　
he　had　lost。　For　he　would　still　have　his　friendship　and　he　


would　still　have　his　own　selfrespect；　because　he　would　realize　
he　had　been　guilty　of　nothing　more　than　an　error　in　
judgement。　An　added　benefit　of　this　second　approach　is　that　
the　individual　would　not　automatically　reject　future　
investment　possibilities；　should　they　arise。　

I　am　sure　you　are　getting　my　message　〃loud　and　clear〃：　
risktakers　are　knowledgeable　people　who　study　situations　
carefully；　have　confidence　in　their　own　abilities　and　have　a　
very　healthy　selfimage。　Put　more　succinctly；　we　can　say　risk
takers；　unlike　irresponsible　people；　are　〃nobody's　fool。〃　

Business　Failures　

Consider　this　　if　one　were　to　examine　the　statistics　
regarding　the　number　of　business　failures　each　year；　without　
closely　studying　each　situation　separately；　one　could　very　
easily　conclude　that　going　into　business　for　oneself　is　an　
〃irresponsible　act。〃　However；　that　is　just　not　the　case！　The　
truth　of　the　matter　is；　many　of　the　people　who　have　gone　into　
bankruptcy；　should　never　have　gone　into　business　for　
themselves　in　the　first　place；　either　because　they　weren't　
properly　prepared　for　such　an　undertaking　or　because　they　
simply　didn't　know　what　they　were　doing。　They　lacked　the　
skill；　the　knowledge；　or　the　proper　support　to　get　their　
business　〃off　the　ground。〃　Bear　in　mind　that　although　it　takes　
most　new　panies　at　least　three　years　before　they　are　
properly　established；　some　of　these　individuals　didn't　allow　for　
three　months；　or　even　three　weeks；　to　give　their　business　a　
chance。　

It　is　also　significant　to　note；　that　prior　to　setting　out　on　
their　own；　many　of　these　people　were　those　employees　who　
thought　their　boss　was　inpetent；　or　the　owners　of　the　
pany　which　employed　them　didn't　know　what　they　were　
doing。　Obviously；　everyone　who　fails　to　get　a　new　business　
going　does　not　fall　into　this　category；　but　there　are　certainly　
many　people　who　do。　


Nevertheless；　despite　the　woeful　statistics；　there　certainly　
are　many　individual　risktakers　who　have　succeeded　in　
establishing　businesses　of　their　own。　For　example；　just　
consider　the　story　of　my　good　friend；　Bob　McCrary。　Bob　had　
worked　in　the　electronics　industry　for　many　years　and；　
although　he　had　never　earned　what　one　might　consider　〃big　
money；〃　he　certainly　earned　a　better　than　average　ine。　He　
owned　his　own　home；　he　raised　three　beautiful　daughters；　and　
acplished　all　of　this　while　working　for　someone　else。　But　
despite　his　undisputed　success；　Bob　harbored　a　desire　to　go　
into　business　for　himself　and　I　suppose　fear　was　the　only　thing　
holding　him　back　from　doing　so。　The　truth　of　the　matter　was；　
that　with　all　the　things　he　had　going　for　him；　Bob　couldn't　
help　but　succeed。　Unfortunately；　however；　he　was　unaware　of　
this　because　he　had　never　been　〃out　on　his　own〃　before。　
Moreover；　he　had　been　raised　to　believe　the　〃old　idea〃：　that　a　
person　should　〃get　a　good　steady　job　and　then　work　for　a　
pension。〃　

Still；　the　desire　of　Bob；　and　his　wife　Pat；　to　work　in　their　
own　business　persisted。　It　eventually　grew　to　the　point　where　
they　were　actually　able　to　visualize　their　business　operating　
successfully。　Since　it　is　impossible　to　hold　an　image　in　the　
mind　without　also　expressing　it；　the　end　result　of　Bob　and　
Pat's　imaging；　was　the　birth　of　their　own　pany；　〃Pensacola　
Electronics。〃　

That　happy　event　occurred　just　a　few　short　years　ago　
and；　although　both　Bob　and　Pat　have　worked　many　hard　
hours；　and　still　do　today；　they　have　the　satisfaction　of　looking　
at　wh